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NIST
GCR 01-819
Closed-Cycle
Air Refrigeration Technology for Cross-cutting Applications
in Food Processing, Volatile Organic Compound Recovery
and Liquid Natural Gas Industries
Economic
Case Study of an ATP-Funded Project
Prepared
for
Economic Assessment Office
Advanced Technology Program
National Institute of Standards and Technology
By
Thomas
Pelsoci, Ph.D.
Delta Research Company
Chicago, Illinois
tpelsoci@deltaresearchco.com
Grant
43SBNB067035
December
2001 |
Table
of Contents
[View Case
Study in it's entirety.]
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Executive
Summary
- Development of CCAR
Technology
- Assessment of Market
Opportunities
- Economic Impact
- Conclusions
- Introduction
Case Study Objectives and Scope
- Development
of CCAR Technology
How CCAR Works
ATP Project History Major Innovations
- Overview
of Target Industries
Food Processing Industry
Secondary Markets for CCAR
- Economic
Impact
Assumptions
Quantitative Benefits to the U.S. Economy
Qualitative Benefits
- Conclusions
- Glossary
- Interviews
- References
- Related
Reading
Appendix
A: CCAR Technical Characterization
- Refrigeration Technologies
- Kodak Demonstration
- CCAR Configuration
in Food Processing
- Innovations From CCAR
Development
Appendix B: Base Case
Calculations
Appendix
C: Optimal Scenario Calculations
Inside Back Cover
About the Advanced Technology Program
About
the Author
List of Figures
Figure 1. CCAR Refrigeration
System
Figure 2. U.S. Food Industry
Value Chain
Figure 3. Market Drivers for
the Further-processed food Industry
Figure 4. The Food Freezing Process
Figure 5. Manufacturing Further
Processed Meat Products
Figure 6. Survey of Food Companies’ Interest
in CCAR Refrigeration
Figure 7. Geographic Distribution
of 57 Liquid Natural Gas Peak Shavers in the United States
Figure A1. Conventional Mechanical
Refrigeration System
Figure A2. CCAR System
Figure A3. Food Processing Plant
CCAR Configuration
Figure A4. Food Processing Plant
with Mechanical Refrigeration
Figure A5. Food Processing Plant
with Cryogenic Refrigeration
List of Tables
Table 1. Benefits from ATP’s
CCAR Investment
Table 2. CCAR Compared With Alternative
Technologies
Table 3. U.S. Processed Food Sales
Table 4. Secondary Market Opportunities
for CCAR
Table 5. Base Case Projections
for Number of U.S. Food Industry CCAR Installations
Table 6. Optimal Case Projections
for Number of U.S. Food Industry CCAR Installations
Table 7. ATP Investment Normalized
to 2001 Dollars
Table 8. Base Case Cash Flows
from Improved Quality, Yield, and Production Rates and from Reduced
Refrigeration Costs
Table 9. Base Case Net Present
Value, Internal Rate of Return, and Benefit-to-Cost Ratio
Table 10. Optimal Scenario Net
Present Value, Internal Rate of Return and Benefit-to-Cost Ratio
Table 11. Air Products Revenue
Streams from Base Case
Table 12. Emission Characteristics
of Natural Gas–Fueled Transportation Vehicles Versus Diesel-Fueled
Vehicles
Table A1. Comparison
of Freezing Systems
Table B1. Projected
CCAR Units, Base Case
Table B2. Cash Flow
From Improved Quality, Base Case
Table B3. Cash Flow
From Improved Food Processing Yield, Base Case
Table B4. Cash Flow
From Food Processing Throughput, Base Case
Table B5. Cash Flow
From Replacing Cryogenic Systems, Base Case
Table B6. Combined Cash
Flow, Base Case
Table C1. Projected
CCAR Units, Optimal Scenario
Table C2. Cash Flow
From Improved Quality, Optimal Scenario
Table C3. Cash Flow
From Improved Food Processing Yield, Optimal Scenario
Table C4. Cash Flow
From Food Processing Throughput, Optimal Scenario
Table C5. Cash Flow
From Replacing Cryogenic Systems, Optimal Scenario
Table C6. Combined Cash
Flow, Optimal Scenario
Date created: December
2001
Last updated:
August 2, 2005
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